Introduction

Optical Fiber Network Cables is a medium used for the effective communication through transmission of data.  Therefore, there is a great importance to learn and understand how it works. In reality, the data is carried through the plastic or glass optical fiber in for of light from one end to another. 

 Overview of Optical Fiber Network Cables working

Imagine what they'd make of modern fiber-optic cables—"pipes" that can carry telephone calls and emails right around the world in a seventh of a second! Photo: Light pipe: fiber optics means sending light beams down thin strands of plastic or glass by making them bounce repeatedly off the walls.

Light travels down a fiber-optic cable by bouncing repeatedly off the walls. Each tiny photon (particle of light) bounces down the pipe like a bobsleigh going down an ice run. Now you might expect a beam of light, traveling in a clear glass pipe, simply to leak out of the edges. But if light hits glass at a really shallow angle (less than 42 degrees), it reflects back in again—as though the glass were really a mirror. This phenomenon is called total internal reflection. It's one of the things that keeps light inside the pipe.

The other thing that keeps light in the pipe is the structure of the cable, which is made up of two separate parts. The main part of the cable—in the middle—is called the core and that's the bit the light travels through. Wrapped around the outside of the core is another layer of glass called the cladding. The cladding's job is to keep the light signals inside the core. It can do this because it is made of a different type of glass to the core. (More technically, the cladding has a lower refractive index.

How Do Fiber Optic Cables Work

Fiber optic cables carry communication signals using pulses of light generated by small lasers or light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Fiber cables consist of one or more strands of glass, each thinner than a human hair. The center of each strand called the "core" provides the pathway for light to travel, which is surrounded by a layer of glass called "cladding" that reflects light inward to avoid loss of signal and allow the light to pass through bends in the cable. The two primary types of fiber cables are called single-mode and multimode fiber. Single mode fiber uses very thin glass strands and a laser to generate light while multi-mode fibers use LEDs.

Single mode fiber networks often use Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) techniques to increase the amount of data traffic that can be sent across the strand.  WDM allows light at multiple different wavelengths to be combined (multiplexed) and later separated (demultiplexed), effectively transmitting multiple communication streams via a single light pulse.

Conclusion

The effective work of Optical Fiber Network Cables has improved the level of communication throughout the industry. If the fiber optic cables are in good condition and works effectively, then bring up substantial development.