Are sfp and sfp+ compatible

 
SFP+ and SFP (Small Form-Factor Pluggable) are both types of transceivers, but they are not generally compatible due to differences in data rates. SFP supports speeds up to 1 Gigabit per second (Gbps), while SFP+ supports higher speeds, up to 10 Gbps.
 
Some network equipment might allow an SFP module to work in an SFP+ port at reduced speeds, but this is not guaranteed and depends on the specific equipment used. Additionally, it's important to note that SFP+ modules will not work in SFP ports because the data rate is too high. Always check with the specific manufacturer or documentation for compatibility information before making any hardware changes.
 
A common confusion about SFP and SFP+ compatibility is that if I can use the SFP module in SFP+ slot. When I connect the SFP transceiver to SFP+ transceiver, can SFP+ negotiate down to 1G? Or is it possible to use SFP+ module in the SFP port on my switch? Can SFP+ copper twinax cable can negotiate down to 1G to support SFP? Can 1G and 10G can exist in the same link? All these questions usually create a giant headache for many engineers. After looking up many relevant documentation, now I will conclusion the answers in this article.
 

SFP Compatibility

Small form-factor pluggable specifications are published in the SFP Multi-Source Agreement, which enables you to mix and match components from different vendors. However, some IT equipment manufacturers sell network devices that support only vendor-specific SFPs. To ensure compatibility, review the vendor’s optics testing centeror ask your vendor to verify compatibility.
SFP Can be Plugged into SFP+ Ports in Most Situations
I’m not sure about the specific switch model, but as a general rule of thumb, SFPs will work in SFP+ slot, but SFP+ optics do not work in SFP slots. It’s just a power availability thing. When you plug the SFP module in SFP+ port, the speed of this port is 1G not the 10G. And sometimes this port will lock the speed at 1G until you reload the switch or do some fancy set of commands. Besides, the SFP+ port usually can never support speed under 1G. That is to say, we can’t plug the 100BASE SFP in the SFP+ port. In fact, for this question, it may depend greatly on the switch models – sometimes SFPs are supported in SFP+ ports, and sometimes not. For example, almost all SFP+ ports of Cisco switch can support SFPs and many SFP+ ports of Brocade switch only support SFP+. Though it’s feasible often, it’s safer to ask your switch vendor for some information. To my knowledge, unlike copper SFPs which are available in 10/100/1000 auto-negotiation, optics such as SFP and SFP+ do not support auto negotiation at all. In fact, Most (95+%) SFPs and SFP+s will only run at the rated speed, no more, no less. Besides, there is no such thing as a SFP+ that does 1G on one side (towards the fiber) and then does 10G on another side (towards the unit). Though we can use SFP in SFP+ ports in many cases, that doesn’t mean a SFP+ plugged into the SFP+ slot can support 1G. In a fiber link, if we plug a SFP in the SFP+ port on one side (1G), and then plug a SFP+ in the SFP+ port on the another side (10G), this may not work! You just can’t have 10 GbE at one end and 1 GbE at the other. For this question, if you use SFP+ copper, it also can’t negotiate down to 1G.
 

Can 1G SFP Optics Run at 10G SFP+ Port?

SFP+ slots can take SFP modules, most do but not all. It may depend greatly on the switch models. SFP+ ports often accept SFP optics but at a reduced speed of 1Gb. And sometimes this port will lock the speed at 1Gb until you reload the switch or do some fancy set of commands. Besides, the SFP+ port usually don't support speed under 1G. That is to say, you can’t plug the 100BASE SFP in the SFP+ port.
If you are unsure about the connectivity, it is suggested that you consult the vendor to make sure the 10Gb switch port supports dual rate before plugging an SFP transceiver into the SFP+ port on your 10Gb switch.
 

SFP+ module in SFP slot?

 
Several old threads have already talking about the compatibility issue between SFP and SFP+. To repeat again, for most switches, SFP transceivers can be used in SFP+ slot, but SFP+ modules can not be plugged in SFP ports that support 1G.
 

The best solution here is to buy the 1G SFP modules.

 
 
When use SFP and SFP+ modules in your network, make sure the speed of both ends of the fiber link is the same. SFP modules may can be used in SFP+ slot, but a SFP can never be connected to a SFP+ module. For their different speeds, transmission distance and wavelength. 10 SFP+ only can use for 10G SFP+ port, and can never auto-negotiate to 1G.
 
 
As of my knowledge cutoff in July 2023, it's always best to ensure that you are using the correct module for your specific application to avoid any potential issues with network performance or hardware compatibility.